Home UpBorobudur 2

At the bottom of Borobudur there is a row of pictures that is almost entirely blocked by a stabilizing footing added even before Borobodur was completed. The Dutch removed the footing briefly in 1885, photographed the exposed panels a few years later, then restored the footing for stability's sake. Since then, only four panels have been visible. Even they remained inexplicable until 1931, when a scholar studying these pictures of human behavior and of graphically depicted heavens and hells—especially hells—realized that they illustrated the Mahakarmavibhangga, "The Great Classification of Actions."

Looking east at the southwest corner. The footing has been removed on the left, exposing the panels.

The same corner, showing the footing on both sides of it, as well as the few visible panels.

The meaning of the left-hand panel is unknown.

This, on the right, seems to show a woman being cared for.

Around the corner, there's a graphic contrast between concupiscence, in the lower left, and temperance, at the upper right.

The virtuous side of the panel, showing princely domesticity balanced by ministerial advice.